1. Health
Variations in health
Describe the variations in health as reflected by changes in life expectancy at national and global scales since 1950.
Explain the patterns and trends in terms of differences in income and lifestyle.
Measuring health
Evaluate life expectancy, infant mortality rate (IMR) and child mortality, HALE (health-adjusted life expectancy), calorie intake, access to safe water and access to health services as indicators of health.
Preventions relative to treatment
Discuss the geographic factors that determine the relative emphasis placed by policy-makers, in one country or region, on prevention as opposed to treatment of disease.
2. Food
Global availability of food
Identify global patterns of calorie intake as one measure of food availability.
Distinguish between malnutrition, temporary hunger, chronic hunger and famine.
Discuss the concept of food security.
Areas of food sufficiency and deficiency
Explain how changes in agricultural systems, scientific and technological innovations, the expansion of the area under agriculture and the growth of agribusiness have increased the availability of food in some areas, starting with the Green Revolution and continuing since.
Examine the environmental, demographic, political, social and economic factors that have caused areas of food deficiency and food insecurity.
Case study - South Sudan
Examine the variety of causes responsible for a recent famine.
Production and markets
Examine the impacts at a variety of scales of trade barriers, agricultural subsidies, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and transnational corporations (TNCs) on the production and availability of food.
Examine the impacts at a variety of scales of trade barriers, agricultural subsidies, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and transnational corporations (TNCs) on the production and availability of food.
Addressing imbalances
Evaluate the relative importance of food aid, free trade and fair trade in alleviating food shortages.
Sustainable agriculture
Examine the concept of sustainable agriculture in terms of energy efficiency ratios and sustainable yields.
Examine the concept of sustainable agriculture in terms of energy efficiency ratios and sustainable yields.
Examine the concept of food miles as an indicator of environmental impact.
3. Disease
Global patterns of disease
Explain the global distribution of diseases of affluence.
Explain the global distribution of diseases of poverty.
The spread of disease
Explain how the geographic concepts of diffusion by relocation and by expansion apply to the spread of diseases.
Examine the application of the concept of barriers in attempts to limit the spread of diseases.
Describe the factors that have enabled reduction in incidence of a disease.
Geographic factors and impacts
Examine the geographic factors responsible for the incidence and spread of two diseases.
Examine the geographic factors responsible for the incidence and spread of two diseases.
Evaluate the geographic impact of these two diseases at the local, national and international scales.
Evaluate the management strategies that have been applied in any one country or region for one of these diseases.